Pasteurisation — Food Safety Glossary

A controlled heat treatment that reduces harmful microorganisms in foods such as milk and juice to safe levels.

Frequently asked questions

Does pasteurisation make food sterile?

No. Pasteurisation reduces harmful microorganisms to safe levels but does not kill everything, so pasteurised foods still need refrigeration and date marking.

Is pasteurisation mandatory for milk in Australia?

Yes. Dairy processing in Australia requires pasteurisation or an equivalent validated process, and selling raw drinking milk for human consumption is not permitted.

What pathogens does pasteurisation target?

It is validated to reduce vegetative pathogens such as Salmonella, Listeria, pathogenic E. coli and Campylobacter to safe levels.

Why is pasteurised milk still kept cold?

Pasteurisation does not remove all spoilage organisms or bacterial spores, so refrigeration and a use-by date are still needed to keep the product safe.

How does a processor prove pasteurisation worked?

By operating to a validated time-temperature schedule, continuously monitoring and recording temperature, and using flow diversion so under-processed product is re-treated.

Pathogen Listeria (Listeria monocytogenes) Salmonella Primary Production and Processing Standards Critical limit Food safety glossary Food safety guides
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