Canning — Food Safety Glossary

A preservation method that seals food in airtight containers and heat-processes it to destroy micro-organisms, with low-acid foods requiring strict control of…

Frequently asked questions

What is canning?

A preservation method that seals food in an airtight container and heat-processes it to destroy micro-organisms, producing shelf-stable food when done correctly.

Why is Clostridium botulinum the main concern in canning?

It forms heat-resistant spores that can grow and produce a deadly toxin in the low-oxygen environment of a sealed container, so the heat process must be enough to control it.

What is the difference between high-acid and low-acid canning?

High-acid foods can be processed at lower temperatures because acid controls the bacterium, while low-acid foods must reach higher temperatures, typically needing pressure processing.

Is home or small-kitchen canning of low-acid food safe?

Low-acid canning is highly technical and generally beyond simple equipment, so it needs validated processes. Producing it without expert validation is a serious botulism risk.

Should bulging or damaged cans be used?

No. Bulging, leaking or badly damaged cans can indicate spoilage or gas from bacterial growth and should never be used or sold.

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